Istavel Tablets (Sitagliptin)

Introductions

Istavel Tablets contain the active ingredient Sitagliptin, which belongs to a class of drugs called dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. It is used to treat Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, which is a condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.
Sitagliptin works by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which is responsible for breaking down a hormone called incretin. Incretin helps to regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating the pancreas to produce insulin in response to food intake and by reducing the production of glucose in the liver. By inhibiting DPP-4, Sitagliptin increases the levels of incretin in the body, which in turn increases insulin production and reduces blood sugar levels. It is also sold under the brand name JANUVIA.
Istavel Tablets Sitagliptin is available in strengths of 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg. The dosage may be adjusted based on the individual's response to the medication and their kidney function. Istavel Tablets should be taken at the same time every day to maintain a consistent level of medication in the body.

How does Sitagliptin work?

Sitagliptin works by inhibiting an enzyme called dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which is responsible for breaking down incretin hormones in the body. Incretins are natural hormones that help to regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating the pancreas to produce insulin after eating, and by reducing the production of glucose in the liver.
By inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, Sitagliptin allows incretin hormones to remain active in the body for longer periods of time, which leads to increased insulin production and decreased production of glucose by the liver. This results in lower blood sugar levels and helps to control high blood sugar levels in people with Type 2 Diabetes.
Sitagliptin works independently of mealtime and does not cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) by itself, which is a risk associated with some other diabetes medications. It is often used in combination with other diabetes medications, such as metformin or insulin, to further improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes.

Dosage

The recommended starting dose is usually 100 mg once daily, with or without food. However, your doctor may adjust the dosage based on your individual response to the medication and your kidney function.
Store Istavel Tablets Sitagliptin at room temperature, between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), in a dry place away from light and moisture. Keep the medication out of the reach of children and pets.

Uses

It is used to treat type 2 diabetes.

Side effects of Januvia

1. Headache
2. Stomach upset or nausea
3. Diarrhea
4. Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) when used with other diabetes medications such as insulin or sulfonylureas
5. Upper respiratory tract infections (such as the common cold)
6. Joint pain
7. Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)
8. Allergic reactions (such as rash or hives)

In rare cases, Istavel Tablets Sitagliptin can also cause serious side effects

1. anaphylaxis (a severe allergic reaction)
2. acute pancreatitis (sudden inflammation of the pancreas)
3. kidney problems.
If you experience any severe side effects or have concerns about the medication, it is important to speak with your doctor or healthcare provider immediately.

How to overcome these side effects

1. Stomach upset or nausea: Taking the medication with food or dividing the dosage throughout the day may help reduce stomach upset. If the symptoms persist, speak with your doctor about alternative medications.

2. Diarrhea: Drinking plenty of fluids and maintaining a healthy diet can help alleviate diarrhea. If the symptoms persist or are severe, speak with your doctor.

3. Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar): If you experience hypoglycemia, consume a source of glucose, such as fruit juice or candy. Your doctor may also need to adjust your dosage or change your medication regimen.

4. Joint pain: Taking over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen may help alleviate joint pain. If the symptoms persist or are severe, speak with your doctor.

5. Pancreatitis: If you experience symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, seek medical attention immediately.|

6. Allergic reactions: If you experience symptoms such as rash, hives, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.

Benefits of Sitagliptin

1. Lowering blood sugar levels: Istavel Tablets work by increasing the production of insulin and reducing the production of glucose by the liver, which can help to lower blood sugar levels.

2. Improving glycemic control: Istavel Tablets Sitagliptin can help to improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes, which can reduce the risk of complications associated with the disease.

3. Weight neutrality: Unlike some other diabetes medications, Istavel Tablets do not typically cause weight gain, which can be an important benefit for people with diabetes who are trying to manage their weight.

4. Convenience: Istavel Tablets are taken orally once daily, which can be a convenient option for people who may find injections or more frequent dosing schedules difficult to manage.

5. Combination therapy: Istavel Tablets Sitagliptin can be used in combination with other diabetes medications, such as metformin or insulin, to provide more comprehensive glycemic control.

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Precautions and warnings

1. Allergy: If you have a known allergy to sitagliptin or any of the ingredients in Istavel Tablets Sitagliptin, you should not take this medication.
2. Pancreatitis: There have been rare reports of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) in people taking Istavel Tablets. If you experience symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting, seek medical attention immediately.
3. Hypoglycemia: Istavel Tablets can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) when used in combination with other diabetes medications, such as insulin or sulfonylureas. It is important to monitor blood sugar levels closely and speak with your doctor if you experience symptoms of hypoglycemia.
4. Kidney disease: Istavel Tablets should be used with caution in people with kidney disease, as the dosage may need to be adjusted. It is important to speak with your doctor if you have kidney disease or are experiencing symptoms such as decreased urine output or swelling in the feet or ankles.
5. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Istavel Tablets should only be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks. It is important to speak with your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding and considering taking this medication.
6. Other medications: Istavel Tablets may interact with other medications, including rifampin, ketoconazole, and gemfibrozil. It is important to speak with your doctor or pharmacist about any medications you are taking before starting Istavel Tablets.

FAQ

Q: What is Sitagliptin and how does it work?

A: Sitagliptin is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It works by increasing the production of insulin and reducing the production of glucose by the liver, which helps to lower blood sugar levels.

Q: How are Istavel Tablets taken?

A: Istavel Tablets are taken orally once daily, with or without food.

Q: What should I do if I miss a dose of Istavel Tablets?

A: If you miss a dose of Istavel Tablets, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.

Q: Can Istavel Tablets cause weight gain?

A: No, Istavel Tablets are weight-neutral and typically do not cause weight gain.

Q: What are the possible side effects of Istavel Tablets?

A: Common side effects of Istavel Tablets include stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, joint pain, and hypoglycemia. Rare side effects may include pancreatitis, allergic reactions, and kidney problems. If you experience any side effects, speak with your doctor.

Q: Can Istavel Tablets be used in combination with other diabetes medications?

A: Yes, Istavel Tablets can be used in combination with other diabetes medications, such as metformin or insulin, to provide more comprehensive glycemic control.

Q: What precautions should I take before starting Istavel Tablets?

A: It is important to speak with your doctor about any medical conditions or medications you are taking before starting Istavel Tablets. Istavel Tablets should be used with caution in people with kidney disease and may interact with certain medications.

Q: Is Istavel Tablets safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

A: Istavel Tablets should only be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks. It is important to speak with your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding and considering taking this medication.

Drug-drug and drugs-food Interactions

1. Rifampin: Rifampin may decrease the effectiveness of Istavel Tablets. If you are taking rifampin, your doctor may need to adjust the dosage of Istavel Tablets or consider an alternative medication.

2. Ketoconazole: Ketoconazole may increase the concentration of Istavel Tablets in the body, which can increase the risk of side effects. If you are taking ketoconazole, your doctor may need to adjust the dosage of Istavel Tablets or monitor you for side effects.

3. Gemfibrozil: Gemfibrozil may increase the concentration of Istavel Tablets in the body, which can increase the risk of side effects. If you are taking gemfibrozil, your doctor may need to adjust the dosage of Istavel Tablets or monitor you for side effects.

4. Sulfonylureas: Istavel Tablets may increase the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) when used in combination with sulfonylureas, such as glipizide or glyburide. Your doctor may need to adjust the dosage of these medications or monitor you for hypoglycemia.

5. Food: Istavel Tablets can be taken with or without food, but taking it with a high-fat meal may decrease its effectiveness. It is best to take Istavel Tablets at the same time each day, with or without food.